Is there difference of Streptococcus mutans count and adherence on amalgam and resin occlusal restorations? A blind clinical study

Gustavo Adolfo Moncada Cortés,Jose Roberto Cury Saad,Eduardo Fernandez Godoy,Patricio Agustin Vildósola Grez,Javier Martin Casielles,Patricia Palma Fluxá

doi:10.1590/1677-3225v14n1a02

Abstract

Aim: To compare the number of colony forming units (CFU) and agar adherence of S. mutans on amalgam (AM) and resin composite (RC) occlusal restorations. Sixty-five healthy patients older than 18 years with high caries risk who had at least one occlusal AM and RC restorations (n=130) were selected. Methods: The restorations were evaluated according to the alpha Ryge criteria (Cohen-Kappa 0.8). For each patient, a biofilm sample was taken using an impression tray technique with previously loaded with solid trypticase yeast extract cysteine sucrose with bacitracin agar placed over the AM restorations and RC restorations in the same patients. The tray was placed inside an oven at 37 °C for 48 h, and the S. mutans count was then performed. Data were analyzed with the test Wilcoxon with a 95% confidence level. Results: RC restorations had statistically significant higher number of CFU of S. mutans than AM restorations (p<0.05). Conclusions: In adult patients with high caries risk, RC occlusal surfaces showed greater agar adherence of S. mutans count than AM restorations.

Highlights

Received for publication: November 18, 2014 Accepted: January 29, 2015Correspondence to: Patricio Agustin Vildósola Grez Department of Restorative Dentistry Universidad de Chile Dental SchoolDental caries represents one of the most common global diseases
Based on the bacterial isolation from plaque samples collected through the tray technique, isolated colonies were obtained with macroscopic properties and adhesion characteristics that were indicative of S. mutans (Figure 1 and 2) AM restorations had a median of 2.00 colony forming units (CFU)
When the S. mutans CFU of collected from AM and resin composite (RC) restorations using the tray technique were compared, a significantly greater number was found in the RC group (p

Summary

Introduction

Dental caries represents one of the most common global diseases. Among the factors involved in the complex process of caries disease are oral bacteria, which are immersed in a cariogenic biofilm in a balanced oral environment[2]. This microbiological balance can be modified by a higher intake of carbohydrates, increasing the acidogenic bacterial population that is responsible for the demineralization and destruction of tooth surfaces leading to carious lesions[3]. Of the species present in cariogenic biofilm, Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the main etiological agents of caries disease, in the case of early disease[3]

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