Is there clinical evidence to support autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) for chondral defects in the talus? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to systematically review the literature on clinical outcomes of patients who have undergone autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) for treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OCL) and compare the studies’ outcomes. MethodsPubmed and Embase were searched in January 2020 for articles concerning OCL surgery. Studies were included if they had a minimum 1-year follow-up and the primary measures were functional outcomes. The meta-analysis compared the Visual Analogic Score (VAS), the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS), and the Foot Function Index (FFI) between baseline and follow-up of 1−2years, and 3−5years. A random effects model was used to evaluate outcome changes. ResultsThe search returned 15 studies, with a total of 492 patients. The VAS improved 4.45 and 4.6 points from baseline to the 1−2year and 3−5yearfollow-up, respectively (p<0.001). AOFAS improved 31.59 and 32.47 points from baseline to the 1−2year and 3−5yearfollow-up, respectively (p<0.001). The FFI showed a significant improvement of 30.93 points from baseline to year 3−5 (p<0.001). A total of 6 patients with revision surgeries have been reported within the follow up period. It was not possible to correlate clinical features like lesion size, surgical approach, and bone marrow stimulation technique to the reported outcome. ConclusionSurgical treatment of OCL via the AMIC procedure provided significant improvement in the functional outcome and pain scores when compared to the pre-operative values. Improvements were observed up to 5years post-operatively.