Is there an association between EMG activity and temporomandibular disorders during orthotic mandibular advancement in sleep apnea patients undergoing DISE?

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective To detect whether myotatic reflex activation of masticatory muscles during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) can be an indirect marker for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods OSA patients were prospectively recruited and underwent a complete TMD examination prior to undergoing DISE with the addition of electrodes applied over masticatory muscles. A positive activation of myotatic reflex was considered in case of an increase in muscle tone of at least 50%. Results Of the 41 patients included, 48.8% presented activation of myotatic reflex. Of these patients, 45% presented a TMD diagnosis, 40% presented pain at masticatory muscles palpation, and 15% did not report pain during clinical examination. Conclusion An increase in EMG activity during mandibular advancement is not associated with TMD presence, but it can be an indirect marker of pain in the orofacial area in OSA patients.