Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the possible associations between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and clinical and laboratory parameters in endometriosis.Study design: A total of 53 women with endometriosis and 37 women without endometriosis were evaluated in a, case-controlled study. The demographic features, clinical, and laboratory parameters of the two groups were compared.Results: The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in both stage 1-2 and stage 3-4 groups compared to the controls (p<0.001 and p<0.001); although the difference between the stage 1-2 and stage 3-4 groups remained nonsignificant. The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels had no correlation with the presence of infertility, deep infiltrating endometriosis, or Douglas pouch obliteration. The women who had bilateral endometrioma had significantly lower levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D compared to the women with unilateral endometrioma (8.4±2.7 ng/mL vs 11.1±5.6 ng/mL, p=0.047). Mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in women with and without dysmenorrhea were not significantly different from each other in the endometriosis and non-endometriosis subgroups. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D had no correlation with dysmenorrhea-VAS scores (r=-0.157, p=0.267).Conclusion: The mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in both mild and moderate to severe endometriosis groups compared to the controls. The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels had no correlation with the presence of infertility, deep infiltrating endometriosis, or Douglas pouch obliteration. The women who had bilateral endometrioma had significantly lower levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D compared to the women with unilateral endometrioma.
Highlights
Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility and pelvic pain and affects more than 10% of the women in reproductive age [1,2].It may mimic some autoimmune and even malignant diseases, including immunological aberrations in lymphocytes, neoangiogenesis, and endometrial tissue invasion to the neighbor organs [1,3,4,5]
The mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in both mild and moderate to severe endometriosis groups compared to the controls
The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels had no correlation with the presence of infertility, deep infiltrating endometriosis, or Douglas pouch obliteration
Summary
Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility and pelvic pain and affects more than 10% of the women in reproductive age [1,2]. It may mimic some autoimmune and even malignant diseases, including immunological aberrations in lymphocytes, neoangiogenesis, and endometrial tissue invasion to the neighbor organs [1,3,4,5]. The overactivation of the Gynecology Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine 2021;27(2):132137 macrophages triggers an avalanche of cytokines and angiogenesis factors [7,8] In accordance with this hypothesis, an increase in inflammatory cytokines has been shown in the peritoneal fluid and serum of women with endometriosis [9]
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