Abstract
The aim of our study is to introduce the relationship between epistaxis and anatomical variations and present the current treatment approach. Forty-five patients (28 males and 17 females) that presented to otorhinolaryngology clinics at Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital with pre-diagnosed epistaxis between October 2018 and April 2019 were included in the study. Age, sex and structural causes and anatomical localization of epistaxis in patients were analysed. The median age of the patients was 42, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Focus of bleeding was observed on the right in 16 cases (35.5%), left in 14 cases (31.1%) and bilateral in nasal cavity in 15 cases (33.3%). Bleeding was from the anterior septum in front of the maxillary ostium line. Anatomical variations were seen in 31 patients (68.8%) (septal deviation in 12, septal perforation in two, and concha hypertrophy in 17). Epistaxis is one of the most common ear, nose, and throat emergencies. Etiological reasons must be analysed for the treatment to be effective.
Highlights
Epistaxis, one of the most common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergencies, refers to nosebleeds caused by vascular pathology and clotting disorders due to nasal mucosa damage [1].Epistaxis is observed in about 60% of the population, more commonly in individuals aged under 10 and above 50 [2]
Objective: The aim of our study is to introduce the relationship between epistaxis and anatomical variations and present the current treatment approach
While anterior epistaxis is more commonly seen in children and adults, posterior epistaxis is more frequent among elderly people with a systemic disease such as hypertension [1]
Summary
One of the most common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergencies, refers to nosebleeds caused by vascular pathology and clotting disorders due to nasal mucosa damage [1].Epistaxis is observed in about 60% of the population, more commonly in individuals aged under 10 and above 50 [2]. One of the most common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergencies, refers to nosebleeds caused by vascular pathology and clotting disorders due to nasal mucosa damage [1]. The nasal blood supply comes from both internal and external carotid arteries [5]. About 90-95% of nosebleeds occur in the anterior part of the nose, most of them in Little’s area (Kiesselbach’s plexus) [6]. The maxillary ostium line separates the anterior and posterior bleeding points [7]. Posterior epistaxis is generally caused by the sphenopalatine artery and may cause severe bleeding [8]. While anterior epistaxis is more commonly seen in children and adults, posterior epistaxis is more frequent among elderly people with a systemic disease such as hypertension [1]
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