Abstract
ObjectivesDuring the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States, nursing homes became the hotbed for the spread of COVID-19. States developed different policies to mitigate the COVID-19 risks at nursing homes, including limiting nursing home visitation and mandating staff screening. The purpose of this study is to examine whether COVID-19 cases and deaths are related to the nursing home reported quality. DesignWe combined the COVID-19 data reported by the California Department of Public Health, quality ratings provided by Nursing Home Compare, and patient racial information from Long-Term Care Focus to examine the association between nursing home reported quality and COVID-19 cases and deaths. Settings and ParticipantsCross-sectional data from 1223 California skilled nursing facilities with reported quality and longitudinal data of COVID-19 cases were used. MethodsThe dependent variable is COVID-19 residents’ cases and deaths. The main independent variable is nursing home reported quality. Nursing home ownership, size, years of operation, and patient race composition are also included. ResultsNursing home star ratings and greater percentage of residents from different racial and ethnicity groups were significantly (P < .01) related to increased probability of having a COVID-19 residents’ case or death. Conclusions and ImplicationsNursing homes with 5-star ratings were less likely to have COVID-19 cases and deaths after adjusting for nursing home size and patient race proportion.
Highlights
ObjectivesDuring the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States, nursing homes became the hotbed for the spread of COVID-19
The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the nursing home reported quality on COVID-19 cases and deaths, and to track the COVID-19 cases development rates at California skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) based on their quality ratings
We retrieved data from California SNFs COVID-19 cases and deaths, which was collected and reported by the California Department of Public Health. This data described how SNFs in California were impacted by COVID-19 based on the confirmed COVID-19 cases from residents and the cumulative number of COVID-19 related deaths.[11]
Summary
During the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States, nursing homes became the hotbed for the spread of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to examine whether COVID-19 cases and deaths are related to the nursing home reported quality. Design: We combined the COVID-19 data reported by the California Department of Public Health, quality ratings provided by Nursing Home Compare, and patient racial information from Long-Term Care Focus to examine the association between nursing home reported quality and COVID-19 cases and deaths. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the nursing home reported quality on COVID-19 cases and deaths, and to track the COVID-19 cases development rates at California skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) based on their quality ratings.
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