Abstract
BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of death worldwide. Most CVD can be prevented by addressing risk factors. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by changes in several cytokines including the interleukins (ILs). Studies are running to evaluate the genetic variation in the inflammatory system and their influence on the risk factors for CVD aiming for future prevention of this global disease. The aim of the current study was too investigate the association of -174 (G/C) IL-6 polymorphism with the incidence of AMI in a representative sector of the Egyptian population and to examine the contribution of IL-6, as a biomarker, in the pathogenesis of AMI. Genotyping of -174 (G/C) IL-6 polymorphism was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) while IL-6 levels were assayed by ELISA. ResultsThe genotype distribution of -174 (G/C) IL-6 gene was not significantly different between the control subjects (GG 81.7%, GC 16.3%, CC 1.9%) and the AMI patients (GG 79%, GC 19%, CC 2%).The serum levels of IL-6 were significantly elevated in the AMI patients in comparison to the control subjects (P < 0.0001). ConclusionsThere is no significant association of -174(G/C) polymorphism in the promoter sequence of IL-6 and the incidence of AMI in the examined sample of Egyptian population. Elevated levels of serum IL-6 confirmed the relationship between inflammation and the incidence of AMI.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of death worldwide
Serum levels of IL 6 Serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients (22.6 mg/L (15.4– 39.5 mg/L)) showed significant increase up to 1.9 fold compared to the control group (12.0 mg/L(9.3–16.5)) (P < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney test) (Table 1, Fig. 2)
An animal study showed that IL-6 mRNA was not detected in unstimulated “quiescent” rat cardiocytes cultured in serum-free medium, but its expression was induced by exposure of the cells to serum or ionomycin. These results show that IL-6 is synthesized in the myocardium and serum IL-6 levels become elevated in AMI, suggesting that IL-6 could affect the progression and/or healing processes of AMI [24]
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of death worldwide. Most CVD can be prevented by addressing risk factors. Studies are running to evaluate the genetic variation in the inflammatory system and their influence on the risk factors for CVD aiming for future prevention of this global disease. The disease can cause myocardial ischemia and eventually necrosis of the heart [2] It results from the collision of ancient genes with modern lifestyles: a hunter–gatherer lifestyle—with high daily energy expenditure and rare kills—favors a tendency to eat large quantities of highcalorie food when it is available. Such predispositions sit uneasily in a modern world with motorized transport. The term “CAD” encompasses a range of diseases that result from atheromatous change in coronary vessels stemming from genetic and environmental factors.
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