Is the Importance of Magnesium in Chronic Kidney Disease Underappreciated?

Delia Timofte,Dorin Ionescu,Iulian Slavu,Adrian Tulin,Mihai Dumitru ,Andra-Elena Balcangiu‐Stroescu ,Adina Măndiţă ,Anca Macovei Oprescu ,Dorin Dragoș ,Ileana Adela Văcăroiu ,Ovidiu Știru ,Iuliana Ghenu ,Mihaela Tănăsescu ,Cornelia Niţipir

doi:10.31689/rmm.2021.28.2.139

Abstract

Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most important cations in the organism, essential for regulating vascular tone, cardiac rhythm, and endothelial functions. In patients with advanced stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) Mg deficit was associated in various studies with vascular calcifications and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Patients with CKD frequently have hyperparathyroidism, parathormone (PTH) being an important risk factor for vascular calcifications. Increased serum Mg levels inhibit PTH secretion and stimulate left ventricular hypertrophy, while low serum Mg levels stimulate PTH secretion. Correcting Mg de deficiency results in reduced cardiovascular mortality in these patients.

Highlights

Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most important cations in the organism, essential for regulating vascular tone, cardiac rhythm, and endothelial functions
EXPERIMENTAL (MATERIALS AND METHODS): The present review has considered the studies in the literature addressing the correlation between magnesium homeostasis and the various disorders typical for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Mg deficiency was associated in various studies with vascular calcifications and with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD)[1,2]

Summary

Introduction

Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most important cations in the organism, essential for regulating vascular tone, cardiac rhythm, and endothelial functions. A significant proportion of the patients with CKD on renal replacement therapy (RRT) by dialysis have vascular, including coronary, calcifications[4], which are intimately linked to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, that significantly increase the morbidity and mortality of patients with CKD 4,5. Low Mg serum level is associated with vascular calcifications and with the increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with advanced stage CKD6,7.

Results

Conclusion