Abstract
In the veterinary industry, short-acting or conventional oxytetracycline formulations are recommended for use once a day for 4 days, at a dose of 10 mg/kg. With the large degree of antimicrobial resistance reported, the efficacy of this dose was assessed using pharmacodynamic modelling. The specific parameters evaluated were based on the time-dependent activity of the tetracycline class of antimicrobials according to the total time above minimal inhibitory concentration (T > MIC) and the ratio of the total exposure in 24 hours, represented by area under the curve (AUC24), to the minimal inhibitory concentration (AUC24:MIC). The current pharmacokinetic study examined whether the prevailing antimicrobial resistance could be overcome by doubling the recommended conventional dose. Using reported MIC data for South Africa and elsewhere, modelling indicated the presence of a large degree of resistance. In general, doubling the dose only overcame resistance of 2 bacterial species in South Africa.
Highlights
Geigeria ornativa poisoning induces vermeersiekte, one of the most important plant poisonings of sheep on the subcontinent[2]
A 5-day cessation of G. ornativa intake resulted in clinical recovery from vermeersiekte (Sheep 1 and 2; Figs 3, 4a and 4b)
G. ornativa had to be ingested for another 27 days before clinical signs of vermeersiekte could be re-induced (Sheep 2, Fig. 4b)
Summary
Geigeria ornativa poisoning induces vermeersiekte, one of the most important plant poisonings of sheep on the subcontinent[2]. The effect of different doses of G. ornativa on the oesophageal diameter and function, body weight (BW), feed intake and the cardiopulmonary flow index (CPFI) for measuring cardiac function[6] was studied in 7 adult sheep. Recovery of the oesophageal diameter and function after withdrawal from G. ornativa until Day 776 is shown in Figs 8a and 8b respectively.
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