Abstract
Several topical products have been developed to avoid the harmful effects from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, such as sunscreens. Research for actives from natural sources is increasing due to the fact that chemical filters could induce adverse events. The microalgae Botryococcus braunii has potential interest in cosmetic applications. Specialized literature reported that B. braunii aqueous extract induced a reduction in skin dehydration and collagen production and promoted antioxidant activity. This research aimed to produce B. braunii biomass and to investigate its contribution regarding photoprotection. Formulations containing B. braunii dry biomass, with or without UV filters into vehicles composed of an emulsifying polymer or a self-emulsifying base, were evaluated in vitro by means of photoprotective activity and photostability. B. braunii dry biomass did not provide adequate photoprotection efficacy; however, it was observed that the self-emulsifying base promoted better sun protection factor (SPF) in comparison with the emulsifying polymer.
Highlights
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main environmental factors that induces skin damages [1,2,3].UVA rays (320–400 nm) penetrate deeply in the skin affecting both epidermis and dermis, since they react with molecular oxygen, generating reactive species that induce DNA damage, skin inflammatory responses and photoaging
B. braunii was cultured in CHU medium [21] using properly sterile systems
B. braunii was cultivated in photobioreactors (~4–5 g/L) and biomass comprised proteins (49.1%)
Summary
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main environmental factors that induces skin damages [1,2,3]. UVA rays (320–400 nm) penetrate deeply in the skin affecting both epidermis and dermis, since they react with molecular oxygen, generating reactive species that induce DNA damage, skin inflammatory responses and photoaging. UVB radiation (290–320 nm) only reaches the epidermis, causing direct damage to the DNA, increased oxidative stress, photoimmunosuppression, erythema, melanogenesis, inflammation and even skin cancer [2,3,4,5]. In order to cope with exposure to UV radiation, various organisms have developed defense mechanisms to reduce the damages caused by this stressor agent, as the expression and regulation of antioxidant enzymes, molecular repair and synthesis of compounds with photoprotective actions, such as flavonoids in various plants, melanin in animals and humans, mycosporine in fungi, and mycosporine-like amino acids, detected in cyanobacteria, algae and animals [5,6].
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