Is Testing for Cytomegalovirus and Cystic Fibrosis Indicated in Members of a Nonwhite Pregnant Population in Whom the Fetus Has an Echogenic Bowel?

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether testing for cystic fibrosis (CF) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is necessary in African-American and Hispanic gravidas in whom the fetus had an echogenic bowel. This retrospective study consisted of only African American and Hispanic patients in whom the fetus had an echogenic bowel, referred to the Maternal and Fetal Medicine unit at New Jersey Medical School for a specialized ultrasound, between June 30, 2004, and March 31, 2005. Sixty-five patients met the inclusion criteria for our study. Maternal serum testing for CF was done in 32 patients and all newborns were screened for the disease. There were no positive results for CF. CMV serology was tested in 38 patients and there were no cases of acute congenital CMV infection. In our population of 65 patients, there was one intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) fetus and five intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD). Although all patients who were tested for CMV infection tested negative, the true incidence in our selected population may be underestimated because some of our patients were not tested. There were no cases of congenital CMV infection and all newborn screening tests for CF were negative. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal echogenic bowel was associated with a 7.6% incidence of IUFD and 1.6% incidence of IUGR.