Is prevalence of MDR TB and XDR TB decreasing in a tertiary care hospital in India?

Abstract

Introduction: Previous data from our centre had shown that the prevalence of MDR TB and XDR TB had halved (15.07%) and nearly tripled (36.66%) respectively since 2004 to 2012. 1 To evaluate the impact of introduction of molecular based rapid diagnostic tests and programmatic management of drug resistant TB (DR TB) in India, we reassessed prevalence of MDR TB and XDR TB. AIMS: To assess prevalence of of MDR TB and XDR TB form Jan 2013 to Dec 2016 and compare the data with two time periods i.e. 2004 to 2007 and 2007 to 2012 Methods: During the period Jan 2013 to Dec, 2016, total 672 samples (pulmonary: sputum, BAL [423 samples] and extra pulmonary: lymph node, pleural fluid, CSF [249 samples]) which were culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), were analysed to assess the prevalence of MDR TB and XDR TB. Samples were cultured for MTB by radiometric method (MB/BacT Mycobacterial Detection system). Sensitivity tests were performed by conventional method on L.J. medium. Results: Conclusion: Prevalence of MDR TB has shown decline since 2004 (from 29.85% to 11.75%), and that of XDR TB which had nearly tripled during 2007 to 2012, has markedly reduced (from 36.66% to 02.67%) during 2013 to 2016. This probably reflects better management of DR TB. REFERENCE: 1. M. Kale, et al. Changing prevalence of MDR TB and XDR TB in a tertiary care hospital in India: Abstract presented at ERS International Congress 2013