Is Postoperative CT Scanning Predictive of Subdural Electrode Placement Complications in Pediatric Epileptic Patients?

Abstract

Aims: To understand the reliability of postoperative CT scans to predict the development of intracranial hemorrhagic complications associated with subdural electrode implants for monitoring intractable seizure, we reviewed the data of a consecutive series of children treated at our institution. Methods: Forty children (mean age: 11.4 years) with subdural electrode implants were reviewed. The immediate postoperative CT scans were evaluated for the presence of hemorrhagic complications and/or brain swelling resulting in a midline shift. Results: Twenty-six patients (65%) presented a postoperative midline shift (range = 2–10 mm; mean shift = 4.0 mm). Two children had a midline shift of >5 mm. Two patients with a shift of <5 mm at the first CT scan required a repeat craniotomy. These patients experienced worsening neurologic symptoms in a delayed fashion on postoperative days 1 and 4, respectively. This was correlated to an increase in midline shift of >5 mm. Conclusions: Subdural electrode implants in children are safe. The presence of a midline shift of <5 mm is common postoperatively. The presence and extension of the midline shift at the first CT scan does not seem to be predictive of the development of symptomatic complications with a mass effect. Complications happened in a delayed fashion.