Abstract
BackgroundIsolated testicular tuberculosis (TB) is extremely uncommon. It has non-specific presentation; thus, diagnosis is challenging and is often discovered on pathology examination after orchiectomy.Case presentationWe report herein the case of a 73-year-old male, with no significant medical or family history, who presented with left scrotal swelling, physical examination revealed a left testicular firm mass measuring 3 cm and ultrasound was suggestive of testicular tumor. Left inguinal orchiectomy was performed and the pathologic examination revealed testicular TB. The presentation was typically mimicking a testicular cancer with no evocative evidence of TB; this can lead to a dilemma and highlights the need to consider TB in differential diagnosis of testicular tumor, especially in areas endemic for the disease.ConclusionsThe aim of our presentation is to argue if orchiectomy was avoidable. It also illustrates the probable hematogenous or lymphatic spread of Mtb to the testicle.
Highlights
Isolated testicular tuberculosis (TB) is extremely uncommon
The aim of our presentation is to argue if orchiectomy was avoidable
Some reported cases of isolated testicular tuberculosis and our case suggest that patients may develop isolated testicular TB through hematogeneous or/and lymphatic spread [4]
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacilli of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex [1, 2]. Scrotal ultrasound of the left testis revealed a heterogeneous, hypoechoic anterolateral mass measuring 28.9 × 14.7 mm Kharbach et al Afr J Urol (2021) 27:144 in diameter (Fig. 1), with internal vascularity on color Doppler imaging suggesting testicular tumor (Fig. 2). Right testis and both epididymes were normal. In light of these findings, left-sided high inguinal orchiectomy was performed (Fig. 3) after an informed consent due to the preliminary diagnosis of testicular tumor.
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