Is Hyaluronic Acid or Corticosteroid Superior to Lactated Ringer Solution in the Short Term for Improving Function and Quality of Life After Arthrocentesis? Part 2

Abstract

Although arthrocentesis has been used for the management of patients with temporomandibular joint pain, the benefit of hyaluronic acid (HA) or corticosteroid (CS) remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of HA, CS, and lactated Ringer solution (LR; placebo) after arthrocentesis for changes in quality of life (QoL), jaw function (Jaw Function Limitation Scale [JFLS] score), and maximum incisal opening (MIO). This was a prospective multicenter double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Consecutive patients presenting to the oral and maxillofacial departments at Emory University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of California-Los Angeles, the University of Cincinnati, and the Oregon Health Sciences University were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomized to HA, CS, or LR. All patients underwent arthrocentesis and then instillation of HA, CS, or LR. All patients were evaluated clinically at 1 and 3months. The outcome variables were QoL, JFLS score, and MIO. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were computed, with a P value less than .05 considered significant. One hundred two patients were enrolled in the study. Four were lost to follow-up, leaving 98 patients for analysis of data at 1month. An additional 51 were lost to follow-up at 3months, leaving 51 patients for data analysis at this time point. There was no difference among groups for QoL Mental Health Composite score at 1month (P= .70) or 3months (P= .69). There was no difference among groups for JFLS score at 1month (P= .71) or 3months (P= .98). There was no difference among groups for MIO at 1month (P= .47) or 3months (P= .31). All groups showed within-group improvements in JFLS score and MIO at 1 and 3months. Arthrocentesis alone is as efficacious as arthrocentesis with HA or CS in improving jaw function and MIO at 1 and 3months. QoL is not improved with arthrocentesis alone or in combination with CS or HA.