Is early age at menarche associated with multimorbidity? Findings from the Azar Cohort study

Abstract

AimsThis study aimed to assess the association of age at menarche (AAM) with multimorbidity and chronic diseases. MethodsWe used data regarding the reproductive history of 8,294 female participants of the Azar Cohort Study. A questionnaire assessed the participants’ demographic information, reproductive history, personal behaviors, smoking status, socioeconomic status, activity status, and wealth score index. ResultsAmong 8,286 women included in the analysis, the AAM was < 12 years (early) in 648 (7.8%), 12–14 years (normal) in 4,911 (59.3%), and > 14 years (late) in 2,727 (32.9%) individuals. Early menarche was associated with a high risk of diabetes, obesity, and high WHR. On the other hand, late menarche was associated with higher rates of hypertension, stroke, and diabetes but a lower risk of MM, rheumatoid disease, obesity, abdominal obesity, and WHtR. ConclusionChanges in AAM have significant health implications. Factors predisposing individuals to early menarche and its consequences should be considered in chronic disease prevention strategies for adolescents and young adults.