Is dental prophylaxis justified in activities of occupational medicine?

Abstract

The growing incidence of caries at all ages groups, justifies the need of constant search for effective methods of preventing, also in the context of the assessment of the impact of occupational agent. The research hypothesis assumed that due to the specificity of the profession, students of the gastronomic school have forced, additional contact with food. Thus it might be difficult for them students to maintain proper oral hygiene and, consequently, increase the incidence of tooth decay. The study group comprised 109 men: 55 students of a gastronomic technical school (GA) and for comparison 54 students of an electrical and IT technical school (E-I), whose vocational education was completely unrelated to food processing. The study was performed at 2 stages (at the beginning and after 3 years of practical vocational training) and comprised of 2 parts: a dental examination and a questionnaire examination (assessment of individual oral hygiene, preferred food products and sources of knowledge about nutrition). After 3 years of observation, a higher, statistically significant, increase in the number of people with caries (P > 0) was observed in the group of students from the E-I school. The analysis of the sources of knowledge on healthy eating and oral hygiene showed that after 3 years of practical vocational training, the main source of knowledge for GA students was school and the Internet, for E-I students the internet and the family. The smaller increase in the incidence of tooth decay in the group of GA might probably be associated with the theoretical and practical teaching of food and nutrition in the school. Therefore, the methods of conducting pro-health education on oral hygiene in vocational schools should be improved and the standards of medical conduct during obligatory preventive examinations in every student starting their practical vocational training should be extended. Med Pr. 2022;73(3):219-27.