Is age rating enough to investigate changes in breathing motion pattern associated with aging of physically active women?

Abstract

The most common way to analyze the effect of aging on breathing is to divide subjects into age groups. However, in addition to the fact that there is no consensus in the literature regarding age group division, such design critically influences the interpretation of the effects attributed to aging. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the feasibility to distinguish different age groups from the 3D kinematic variables of breathing motion (i.e., markers’ coordinate as a function of time allowing the calculation of compartmental volume variations) and to analyze whether the aging could influence these variables. Seventy-three physically active women aged 19–80 years performed quiet breathing and vital capacity maneuvers. To record the thoracoabdominal breathing motion, the 3D coordinates of 32 retroreflective markers positioned on the trunk were used to estimate the volume variation of the superior thorax, inferior thorax, and abdomen. The percentage of contribution and the correlation coefficient were calculated to analyze the breathing motion pattern from the estimated volumes. The k-means cluster analysis was performed to analyze the age group classification. Linear regression was performed to investigate whether age can predict changes in the breathing motion pattern. The results showed that physically active women could not be classified into age groups from breathing motion. Despite significant p values of the linear regression, the high variability of the data suggested that age itself is not enough to predict the changes in breathing motion pattern when non-sedentary women are considered.