Abstract
This article describes the state of irrigated agriculture in Turkestan, water sources, classification of major rivers and their tributaries, geographical location, irrigation system, sources of water supply, types of traditional irrigation methods used by the local population in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. Moreover, an attempt is made to reveal the participation of local people in the construction, repair, cleaning of irrigation facilities, the implementation of centuries-old rules of irrigation, the rights of local people to use water through a number of sources, statistical collections, scientific literature and research works in the article.
Highlights
In the second half of the 19th century, the Russian Empire began to pursue a policy of achieving its geopolitical goals in Central Asia, taking into account all its interests in the country
Water was used in different ways in different parts of the country depending on water sources and irrigation system
The local population of the country of Turkestan had a great deal of experience in irrigating
Summary
In the second half of the 19th century, the Russian Empire began to pursue a policy of achieving its geopolitical goals in Central Asia, taking into account all its interests in the country. According to the instructions of the government of the Russian Empire, the changes in land and water relations in Turkestan and in general, the agrarian policy. According to the Minister of State Property and Agriculture AV Krivoshein, the main goals and main directions of the Russian Empire's agrarian policy which includes land and water relations in Turkestan:. The emperor's minister summed up the main directions of the center's colonial policy in the country of Turkestan in three words: "cotton", "irrigation", " resettlement of Russian "[7, –P. The emphasis of the imperial government on the irrigation system and water resources in Turkestan at that time based on its own interests shows the topicality of the issue
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