Abstract
Irrigation makes it possible to increase productivity in bean crops, but if mishandled, it can increase production costs and promote the leaching of nutrients, especially nitrogen, a nutrient that is fundamental for the development of the crop. Given the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate the yield of common beans subjected to different doses of nitrogen and water depths in the region of Uberaba – MG, Brazil. The experiment was conducted at IFTM – Campus Uberaba, in randomized blocks, consisting of four levels of irrigation (deficits of 15 %, 30 %, and 45 % and a factor without water deficit) and four doses of nitrogen (50 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1, and 200 kg ha-1) applied in stage V4 of beans. The cultivar used was BRSMG Majestoso. There was no interaction between irrigation levels and nitrogen doses for the variables studied. Nitrogen doses influenced linearly only leaf nitrogen content. The water deficit of 9.72 % was favorable to achieve maximum grain yields and favors the number of pods per plant. The plant mass in R6, a mass of 100 grains, hydration, and thermal sum declined linearly with increased water deficit.
Highlights
Brazil concentrates 50 % of the gross domestic product in agribusiness and ranks sixth among the most promising economies in the world
Among the main crops produced in the country, beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are grown in all Brazilian regions, in three growing seasons, for presenting a high climate adaptation, being a source of income for large and small producers, besides being, undoubtedly, of great nutritional importance for Brazilians
The analysis of the water stress data in the soil did not show any difference between the water deficits, with values ranging from 12.83 kPa to 16.32 kPa
Summary
Brazil concentrates 50 % of the gross domestic product in agribusiness and ranks sixth among the most promising economies in the world. For this reason, more and more sustainable food production has been sought to meet global needs (SABUNDIJIAN et al, 2016). When grown during a water shortage, beans need irrigation to reach their full productive potential. Soil and water are components that demand significant management attention for the productive efficiency of irrigated beans (MORAIS et al, 2017). Irrigation must be managed correctly so that high levels of efficiency are achieved in crops. Some aspects of irrigation management strategies should be analyzed: when to apply, the quantity of water to be applied, and the total blade applied during crop development (PACHECO et al, 2016)
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