Irradiation Consequences from Chromosome Damages to Triggering of Diverse Immunological Responses

Abstract

Present work was designed to investigate DNA damages post irradiation via cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test and its corresponding immunological response. Determination of interferon- α, β for innate, interferon-γ for acquired response, TNF- α and immunoglobulin concentration IgG & IgM. Six human blood samples were divided into 4 groups (control & 3irradiated) which exposed to doses (0.5 - 2 and 4 Gy). Triplet blood samples (control and irradiated groups) were cultured for 72 hours after 1 hour of irradiation. γ - Irradiation induced significant increase of IFN-α (innate immunology hallmark) in all experimental doses (0.5 -2.0 and 4.0 Gy). IFN-β also recorded significant increase with control at dose 4.0 Gy. The results showed significant increase in IFN-γ representing acquired immune response at 2.0 and 4.0 Gy. These results confirmed by exhibits increase in the level of IgG and IgM production. TNF-α late immune response started to give significant increase at 2.0 and 4.0 Gy. TNF-α and IFN-β recorded significant difference when compared with control at 1.0 and 4Gy exposure also 4Gy group recorded significant increase compared with 1.0 Gy exposure. INF-α recorded significant increase at all doses when compared with control and each other. IFN-γ recorded significant increase in 1.0 and 4.0 Gy when compared with control with no significant difference between them. We conclude that immune system can sense when cells damaged. Mni which come from a variety of sources such as irradiation can lead to an immune response similar to that observed during viral infection.