Iron-polydopamine coated multifunctional nanoparticle SiO2@PDA/Fe3+-FA mediated low temperature photothermal for chemodynamic therapy of cisplatin-insensitive osteosarcoma

Abstract

Osteosarcoma often presents the low response to chemotherapy, which brings difficulties to the treatment. Recently, it has become a new idea to use photothermal effect and Fenton/Fenton-like reaction to treat tumors or enhance the killing effect of chemotherapy drugs. We developed an iron-containing nanomaterial SiO2@PDA/Fe3+-FA (PDA: polydopamine; FA: folate) to treat chemotherapy-insensitive osteosarcoma. The nanomaterial has been proven to have: (1) high drug delivery efficiency (doxorubicin and cisplatin: 21.25% and 23.80% respectively), (2) precise release of drugs in pH response, (3) good biocompatibility, (4) effective tumor targeting (8 h after injection), and (5) satisfactory photothermal efficiency (photothermal conversion efficiency: 57.63%). Of note, nanomaterial containing Fe3+ ions can activate the Fenton-like reaction to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptosis of drug-insensitive osteosarcoma cells. In addition, nanomaterial can also enhance the killing effect of cisplatin on drug-insensitive osteosarcoma. The activation of Fenton-like reaction and the recovery of cisplatin function by nanomaterials are significantly enhanced under low temperature photothermal conditions. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that SiO2@PDA/Fe3+-FA could be loaded with appropriate chemotherapy drugs and could be used as an effective means of synergistic therapy for drug-resistant tumors in combination with near infrared ray (NIR) irradiation.