Iron Overload in Two Children after Allogeneic Hematopoietic SCT with Concomitant HFE p.s65cgene Mutation

Abstract

Acute Myelomonoblastic Leukaemia (ANLL M4) and Aplastic Anemia (AA) are rare childhood diseases. Treatment of ANLL involves chemotherapy and radiotherapy, while immunosuppressive therapy is used in the treatment of AA. In selected cases, both disorders can be treated by performing a Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT). In addition, supportive medical care which includes antibiotics, antifungal drugs, packed red cells and platelets, is usually essential due to adverse effects caused by the therapy. Herein, we present a 15- year- old boy with ANLL M4 and a 17- year- old girl suffering from Severe Aplastic Anemia (SAA) for 3 and 4 years respectively, in whom iron overload was noted after they had undergone allogeneic HSCT (allo HSCT). On further diagnosis, co-existence of S65C HFE gene carriage was identified in both of them.