Abstract
The iron environment and oxidation state has been determined by XANES spectroscopy in a montmorillonite sample from Gola del Furlo (Marche, Italy). A comparison with the XANES spectra of Fe2− in a natural hematite from Elba (Italy) and of Fe 21 in a synthetic Fe[C03] (the fine structures in the spectra of which have also been clarified in detail on the basis of the known crystal structures) permits recognizing that in this sheet silicate Fe is mostly in the trivalent oxidation state and in a distorted octahedral coordination. Mossbauer spectroscopy confirms the XANES assignment, but it also shows that minor octahedral Fee+ is present besides the predominant octahedral Fe3—.
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