Abstract
The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in school-going children. Both Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia have considerable adverse effect on human health. Among the different negative health concerns, including stunt development, less developed immunity, lower IQ level, no proper physical work capacity, more fatigue, maternal mortality rates, young ones born with low birth weight, birth complications and infant mortality rates are some of the remarkable health concerns posed by iron deficiency level. Our study sample was consisting of 420 school age children of both genders. The blood samples were collected in EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) tubes from different school and health maternity centres by trained and veteran persons. Questionnaires were utilised for the data collection, at the time of blood samples collection. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrite (Hct), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell and red blood cell (RBC) were determine by automatic hematological analyzer model Symex Ks-21 having two reagents, cell pack and Stromatolyser-wwt 500 ml. The total percentage of anemia recorded in school age children was 34.0%. In tehsil Banda Daud Shah, the incidence of anemia was high up to 43.6% while in tehsil Takhti Nasrati and Karak was 32.1% and 26.4% respectively. The percentage was higher in girls (38.9%) than in boys (31.0%). The anemia percentage was recorded high (55.8%) in lower socioeconomic family children, than middle class (32.2%) and upper class (17%). The percentage of anemic children was also high (40%) in age group of 10 - 12 years. Pale skin was the most common symptom of anemia.
Highlights
Anemia is a blood disorder in which the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration is less than the normal Hb concentration for age, sex, physiological condition and altitude
It is estimated that 43% of the young children are iron deficient worldwide and the greatest are between age of 1 - 2 years children
From tehsil Karak 80 boys and 60 girls, tehsil takht-e-Nasrati 83 boys and 57 girls, and Banda Daud Shah 90 boys and 45 girls were examined in the present study. children of the study sample were divided into two groups, anemic and non-anemic
Summary
Anemia is a blood disorder in which the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration is less than the normal Hb concentration for age, sex, physiological condition and altitude. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia [1]. There are many causes of anemia but the most common cause is iron deficiency [2]. Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common and prevalent, nutritional health problems in infants and young children across the developing world. According to WHO report, half of all anemia is due to iron deficiency. It is estimated that 43% of the young children are iron deficient worldwide and the greatest are between age of 1 - 2 years children. In Pakistan 65% children had IDA at the age 07 - 60 years and other studies estimate different prevalent rates i.e. 70%, 78% [4] [5]
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