Abstract
Background: Nutritional anemia is a major public health problem in India and is primarily due to iron deficiency which is more common among rural population. The present study aimed at evaluating iron deficiency anemia among rural population attending our tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Patients having hemoglobin level below 11g/dl with Serum Iron level 400 ug/dl were enrolled in the study. A total of 259 patients were included in the study. Hemoglobin estimation and other investigations were performed as per standard protocol in pathology laboratory. Results: Majority of patients were females (58.69%) and preponderance of iron deficiency anemia was seen in the age group of 21-30(28.96%) followed by 31-40(25.09%). Majority of male patients had mild anemia (55.14%) whereas majority of females had moderate anemia (57.24%). Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia is significantly high among women of reproductive age group. Among females moderate anemia was predominant. Mild anemia was commonly observed in males.
Highlights
Anemia is an abnormal physiological and hematological condition concerned with reduction in oxygen carrying capability of the blood due to decline in Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations than normal ranges [1]
Anemia can be of various types based on the morphology of the RBCs depending on etiology and clinical aspect
Iron deficiency anemia is significantly high among women of reproductive age group
Summary
Anemia is an abnormal physiological and hematological condition concerned with reduction in oxygen carrying capability of the blood due to decline in Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations than normal ranges [1]. The most common being deficiency of essential elements for the synthesis of hemoglobin (Iron, Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid), blood loss, repeated pregnancies in females of reproductive age, worm infestation, hemolysis due to known or unknown causes and bone marrow conditions causing suppression of red cell synthesis. Chronic diseases such as chronic renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculosis are known causes [3]. Iron deficiency anemia may impair the activity of host defense mechanisms and make host more prone to infections Further it causes decrease in working capability of the individual [4]. We aimed at evaluating anemia among various age groups and proportion of iron deficiency anemia in mild, moderate and severe anemic patients
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