Iron-Catalyzed Allylic C(sp3)-H Silylation: Spin-Crossover-Efficiency-Determined Chemoselectivity.

Abstract

The nuanced role of spin effects remains a critical gap in designing proficient open-shell catalysts. This study elucidates an iron-catalyzed allylic C(sp3)-H silylation/alkyne hydrosilylation reaction, in which the spin state of the open-shell iron catalyst dictates the reaction kinetics and pathway. Specifically, spin crossover led to alkyne hydrosilylation, whereas spin conservation resulted in a novel allylic C(sp3)-H silylation reaction. This chemoselectivity, governed by the spin-crossover efficiency, reveals an unexpected dimension in spin effects and a first in the realm of transition-metal-catalyzed in situ silylation of allylic C(sp3)-H bonds, which had been previously inhibited by the heightened reactivity of alkenes in hydrosilylation reactions. Furthermore, this spin crossover can either accelerate or hinder the reaction at different stages within a single catalytic reaction, a phenomenon scarcely documented. Moreover, we identify a substrate-assisted C-H activation mechanism, a departure from known ligand-assisted processes, offering a fresh perspective on C-H activation strategies.