Abstract
The discovery of iron based superconductors in early 2008 stimulated the interest of researchers around the globe, including physicists, chemists and materials scientists leading to publication of more than 4000 papers on this superconductor since then. Since the major player in the superconductor is iron, which had long been believed to be the worst element suited for the superconductivity, this discovery gave tremendous impact on the superconductivity research. Furthermore, this material has favourable characteristics for practical applications such as a relatively high critical temperature, high upper critical field and high critical current density with low anisotropy. In the last 3 years, many derived superconducting materials have been discovered and several theoretical models for the mechanism of superconductivity have been proposed. In this review, the research topics on iron based superconductors are summarised from the viewpoint of materials science.
Highlights
2011 marks the centennial of the discovery of superconductivity in Hg by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
We reviewed the FeSC from the viewpoint of the crystal structure and physical characteristic of bulk mainly
The research on application using thin films and wires is important in the field of material science
Summary
2011 marks the centennial of the discovery of superconductivity in Hg by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. The emergence of superconductivity by substitution of Co2z (3d7), Ni2z (3d8) or other transition metals for Fe2z (3d6) in the non-superconducting parent material is a unique nature for FeSC,[34,63,64,65,66,82,83,84,85,86,87] similar to the result of electron doping into the FeAs layer as described in the section on ‘Doping effect’. Type should be due to the higher two-dimensionality, which is attributed to a thicker blocking layer than that in the 122-type
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