“Iridium effect” in cyclometalated iridium complexes for p-type dye sensitized solar cells

Abstract

Cyclometallated iridium complexes have shown great promises as photosensitizers for p-type dye sensitized solar cells (p-DSSC), in particular due to the occurrence of very long-lived interfacial charge separated states, leading to high open circuit potentials (Voc). To rationalize this experimental fact, we prepared a new series of iridium photosensitizers specially designed for NiO based p-DSSC, in order to assess the role of a panel of factors on the overall photovoltaic performances. We probed the electronic coupling between the iridium complex and the semi-conductor at the level of the anchor, the importance of the frontier orbitals distribution over the photosensitizers structures and the impact of iridium(III) vs. a lighter metal ion like ruthenium(II). The synthesis and full characterizations of these new photosensitizers are presented, and their performances within p-type DSSC are given and discussed in light of their structures. A combination of a high spin-orbit coupling and a smart design of the anchoring ligands explains the interesting performances of iridium complexes as photosensitizers for p-DSSC.