Abstract
Iran urged Middle-Eastern governments to respect the legitimate demands of their people and to put an end to despotism in these countries. However, Iran adopted a different foreign policy on the protests against the Syrian government, which was the total support of the government against its opponents. The reason to adopt this tactic is Iran’s strategic point of view that the regional political systems are categorized according to two different strategies. Accordingly, Iran should support the protests in these countries and urge for fulfilling the legitimate demands of the people there. But we should adopt a different policy with regard to protests in countries like Syria, which are in the resistance line against domination system. From the view point of Iranian officials, the protests and unrests in Syria are the result of a pre-designed Western scenario to challenge the legitimacy of Syrian political system, leading to different political array which weakens the resistance line in the region against the system of domination by changing the political system in this country. According to this view, Iran wants to protect the Syrian government in the context of a realistic analysis, given the Syria’s strategic importance and position. According to Iran's foreign policy officials, on the basis of Iran national interest preservation, it is necessary for Iran to use its full capacity to help and protect the Syrian government in order to maintain and strengthen its regional role, the balance of power and the resistant forces.
Highlights
A wave of civil protest and desire for democracy, took the traditional Middle East countries following the developments in the Middle East and protests against dictatorships which had the authority for many years and had no regard for the political, economic and cultural rights of the citizens and their communities were faced with a variety of crisis including legitimacy one
The regional developments placed the world's foreign policy to a test which answering to it should be either opposite to these demands or be crystallized in line confirming the demands of the people and the negating the rule of authoritarian rulers
Given the prevailing conditions in the world, in confirming and supporting the people demands and the expansion of democracy wave, majority of countries put their foreign policy in consistency with civil legitimate requirements, demands and liberalism of the region people, even apparently, in order to provide global, regional and national interest
Summary
A wave of civil protest and desire for democracy, took the traditional Middle East countries following the developments in the Middle East and protests against dictatorships which had the authority for many years and had no regard for the political, economic and cultural rights of the citizens and their communities were faced with a variety of crisis including legitimacy one. From the beginning, this group of countries have adopted a synchronous policy to cope with the demands of the people of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Yemen, but with regard to the protests in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Jordan had a policy of denial or silence. These dual behaviors caused foreign policy of countries which always claimed to support the democracy, liberalism and human rights observation to be faced with contradictions and challenges of global public opinion. In the present research we will try to review and analyze the Iran's foreign policy behavior as a major regional country for Syria crisis
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