Ipatasertib sensitizes colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through ROS-mediated caspase activation

Abstract

Due to TRAIL's explicit cancer cell-selectivity, the current study aimed to explore novel agents that sensitized cancer cell for TRAIL-induced apoptosis while sparing normal cell. In this study, we found that TRAIL could induce PARP-1 cleavage and apoptosis in colon cancer HCT116 cell, but HT-29 cell was not sensitive to TRAIL. However, non-cytotoxic doses of ipatasertib in conjunction with TRAIL could induce apoptosis in HT-29 cell. Mechanism studies showed that intracellular ROS level was significant increased during ipatasertib treatment. Excessive cellular levels of ROS further induced DNA damage and subsequently activated apoptotic signaling pathways in TRAIL-resistant HT-29 cells. Combined treatment with sub-toxic doses of ipatasertib and TRAIL leads to caspase activation and PARP-1 cleavage in HT-29 cells. Pretreated with NAC, an antioxidant, could inhibit ROS production and PARP-1 cleavage as well as prevent cell apoptotic death induced by combination therapy with TRAIL and ipatasertib. In addition, NAC can block the up-regulation of p53/PUMA induced by combined treatment with ipatasertib and TRAIL. Transfection with p53 or Puma siRNA for 48 h can reverse ipatasertib-mediated TRAIL sensitization. In conclusion, p53 and PUMA may play a pivotal role in sensitizing colon cancer cell to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by sub-toxic doses of ipatasertib treatment.