IoT-Based Smart Irrigation and Monitoring System for Agriculture

Abstract

Agriculture plays an important role in the country’s growth. Over 72% of people in our country depend on framing, and a third of population is investing in agriculture. In agriculture, moisture level of soil is the most important parameter that controls the quality of crops on farms. The real-time monitoring of agriculture environment can adequately guide agricultural production by various factors like temperature, soil moisture, light intensity, and humidity among other factors. Implementing the proper irrigation method is important in agriculture. There is no proper irrigation method to improve yields for all weather conditions, soil structure, and a variety of crops. This chapter designs a novel automatic irrigation system along with wireless monitoring of the agricultural environment to avoid problems such as high maintenance costs, low robustness, mobility, and reducing human intervention. An automatic irrigation system is developed in this chapter, which switches the motor pump ON or OFF by sensing soil moisture level and air humidity. Wireless sensors along with Zigbee and Internet of Things (IoT) are used to develop an environmental monitoring system. In this, the data regarding the requirements of the crops to give high productivity is predefined and stored in the cloud. This detail includes temperature range, water level, soil pH, etc., depending on the crop requirement that will be grown in the field. DHT 11-temperature, soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor, Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor, and soil pH sensor are the sensors used in this system. Sensor nodes wirelessly send data to the central server. The central server collects, stores, and provides the data for analysis. As a result, data and the condition of the agricultural land are sent to the mobile client. These data include the status of the motor and environmental conditions. IoT is among the best and most natural smart farming choices.