IoT Security Vulnerabilities and Defensive Measures in Industry 4.0

Abstract

The Internet of things (IoT) has been emerging technology for the past decade. IoT can be defined as the network connecting objects to the Internet in the physical world. IoT allows us to interconnect billions of devices in order to perform communication and computing. The IoT is quickly encroaching on a wide range of industries, including smart cities, agriculture, healthcare, and many more. This drastic upsurge in the number of IoT devices itself affirms it to be the main fourth coming technology to expanding the digital economy. Evolving IoT applications cannot gain supreme demand without a trusted and protected IoT architecture. Integrating IoT devices with the traditional Internet raises serious security concerns because the widely held Web technologies and communication protocols were not created to support IoT. Besides wearable devices and intelligent voice assistants, IoT gadgets are revolutionizing the industrial sector’s behind-the-scenes operations at organizations like Airbus and Caterpillar. Cyber-physical systems and the technology that underpins them are at the heart of Industry 4.0 also known as the industrial Internet of things (IIoT). Every time a new technology is implemented, security issues appear, just like they would in any other system. These difficulties can range from straightforward threats that can be readily avoided or even managed to threats that could make the entire system worthless. The intention of this chapter is to shed light on IoT/IIoT security threats and possible defenses against them. To accomplish this, the article offers a short outline of the IoT/IIoT requirements and challenges, a brief discussion of the four-layer architecture of IoT, sources of security breaches, various attack types from an architectural perspective, and potential solutions to these attacks and highlights the mechanisms to be employed for solving IoT security threats. This chapter serves as a guide for researchers in the field of IoT/IIoT security.