Abstract
This paper presents a novel Arduino-based fault detection and protection system for power transformers. Power transformers are an integral component of the power system infrastructure. Power transformers are present in such a significant number in the power architecture that any alteration in its operation effects the whole power system. The optimal operation of the transformer depends upon its operating condition; for this reason, its monitoring and protection are very important. Currently, power transformers employ differential relays to ensure optimal operation, but differential relays are unable to ascertain conditions such as overloading and intra turn faults. In this paper, Arduino was used to monitor transformer operation instead of differential relays and generate tripping or alert signals based on sensed values. Arduino autonomously sensed the current, voltage, and temperature values of the power transformer round the clock and handled any fault by comparing preset values of these parameters. In addition, the differential relay functionality of fault detection was implemented in the Arduino environment. Whenever a fault occurred, Arduino sent the fault signal to a Wi-Fi module, which was then displayed in the Blynk app. The practical implementation of this proposed system was tested, and its operation was found to be effective in fault detection.
Highlights
Transformers are the most common electrical power system component that we encounter in our daily lives
The basic differential relay-based protection effective for most faults, but it will not work for other faults such as overcurrents and rise in structure for the transformer protection is effective for most faults, but it will not work for temperature of winding and oil in transformers
Arduino served as the core of the whole structure and monitored the key parameters such as the current, voltage, and temperature of the system using a current transformers (CTs), a potential transformer (PT), and an LM 35 sensor
Summary
Transformers are the most common electrical power system component that we encounter in our daily lives. The basic differential relay-based protection structure for the transformer protection is breaker and the circuit will trip [5,6,7,8,9]. The basic differential relay-based protection effective for most faults, but it will not work for other faults such as overcurrents and rise in structure for the transformer protection is effective for most faults, but it will not work for temperature of winding and oil in transformers. For the thermal protection of transformers, other faults such as overcurrents and rise in temperature of winding and oil in trans“Buchholz relays” are used as a safety device mounted on the transformers, equipped with formers. An Arduino-based safety device mounted on the transformers, equipped with an external overhead oil resalternate protection scheme is proposed.
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