IoT Anomaly Detection Based on Autoencoder and Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly providing industrial production objects to connect with the physical world and has been widely used in various fields. Although it has brought great industrial convenience, there are also potential security threats due to the vulnerabilities and malicious nodes in IoT. To correctly identify the traffic of malicious nodes in IoT and reduce the damage caused by malicious attacks on IoT devices, this paper proposes an autoencoder-based IoT malicious node detection method. The contributions of this paper are as follows: firstly, the high complexity multi-featured traffic data are processed and dimensionally reduced through the autoencoder to obtain the low-dimensional feature data. Then, the Bayesian Gaussian mixture model is adopted to cluster the data in a low-dimensional space to detect anomalies. Furthermore, the method of variational inference is used to estimate the parameters in the Bayesian Gaussian mixture model. To evaluate our model’s effectiveness, we used a public dataset for our experiments. As a result, in the experiment, the proposed method achieves a high accuracy rate of 99% distinguishing normal and abnormal traffic with three-dimension data reduced by the autoencoder, and it establishes our model’s better detection performance compared with previous K-means and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) solutions.