Abstract
Ionospheric holograms, recorded in 1967 on 40 MHz using beacon satellites BEB and BEC as optical records have been subjected to optical analysis. The relation of the optical focal length to the height of the scatterer is derived. Obliquity corrections are given for transits not directly overhead. The variations in satellite height and velocity between transits is also taken into account. Uncertainties in height estimates due to ionospheric drift are discussed. It is shown that there are scatterers at all heights in the ionosphere, with a concentration in the E region but with a substantial number above and below. The lower values are compared with two-station results. It follows that the idea of a “random screen,” being a thin layer of irregular scattering matter, is a great over-simplification.
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