Abstract
Increasingly it is being realized that despite considerable advancements in therapeutic interventions related to treatment of cancer, satisfactory results are still difficult to achieve. Rapidly accumulating evidence has started to shed light on the fact that cancer cells escape from death via constitutive activation of pro-survival signaling cascades. Cell biology and genetics have extensively enhanced our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie loss of apoptosis in cancer cells. This review is focused on ionizing radiation mediated restoration of TRAIL mediated apoptosis as evidenced by cell culture and animal model studies. Moreover, we also bring to the limelight radiation induced expression of miRNAs and how miRNAs further control response of cancer cells to radiation.
Highlights
TRAIL mediated signaling has gained tremendous appreciation because of its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells and leaving non-cancer cells intact
This review is focused on ionizing radiation mediated restoration of TRAIL mediated apoptosis as evidenced by cell culture and animal model studies
CFLIP is an anti-apoptotic protein and has two death-effector domains (DEDs). cFLIP negatively regulates TRAIL induced signaling by interfering with the activation of caspase-8
Summary
TRAIL mediated signaling has gained tremendous appreciation because of its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells and leaving non-cancer cells intact. TRAIL induced apoptosis in cancer cells via Death receptors DR4 and DR5. CFLIP negatively regulates TRAIL induced signaling by interfering with the activation of caspase-8. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Vol 15, 2014 1905 to TRAIL using different approaches Consistent with this approach, IR treated glioma cells displayed a higher apoptotic rate. It was shown that X irradiation treated xenografted mice displayed a remarkably reduced tumor growth (Takahashi et al, 2008). It has been noted in TRAIL resistant T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells that pre-exposure of cells to IR restored sensitivity to TRAIL in cancer cells (Rezacova et al, 2008). There was a decline in cellular levels of c-FLIP and XIAP (Hori et al, 2010)
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