Abstract
A brief account is presented on the methods of determining the ionization states (Z ★) of anomalous cosmic rays (ACR) and our present knowledge of the same. Firstly we discuss earlier attempts of determining charge states of ACR helium and oxygen ions by means of diffrences in the phase lag in the long term modulation of ACR and corresponding nuclei of galactic cosmic rays. Then the recent studies in Spacelab-3 by TIFR-PRL groups on the two independent methods of determination of Z ∗ are briefly discussed. In the first method by using the geomagnetic filtering effect and the orbit-average fluxes the charge states of ACR oxygen ions in 15–45 MeV/N energy range are determined as close to +1. In the second method the arrival locations and directions of individual ions and their trajectory computations in geomagnetic field are used to obtain charge states of a sample of N, O and Ne ions as close to +1 or < +3. The implications are briefly discussed.
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