Ionic size in relation to molecular physics, together with a new law relating to the heats of formation of solid, liquid, and ionic molecules

Abstract

The greater part of this communication is concerned with obtaining the volumes and densities of the ions and ionic nuclei of three salts (KCl, NaCl, LiCl) from conductivity, viscosity, and freezing-point data, a process which is of limited interest and is therefore reserved for the later sections of this communication. The deductions which are drawn from the values so obtained, in conjunction with other data already available, lead to certain conclusions as to the beats of Formation both in the solid and ionic state which are of much wider interest and are dealt with in the next section. In two former communications there was developed a theory with reference to the ascertainment of the relative size of ions which was based upon a consideration of various Physical data relating to KCI and NaCl. In the present paper the necessary data are given for extending the results to LiCl. In the Former papers an empirical linear relationship was Found between the solution volumes calculated from density measurements and the ionic volumes deduced from conductivity and viscosity measurements, which is now extended to LiCl. In the present paper a new empirical relation will be found between the ionic volumes and the reciprocals of the effective molecular freezing-point depressions of the three salts in question. these two sots of empirical relations are found to do capable of simple theoretical interpretations, and to yield in combination interesting information as to the relative volumes and densities of the ions and of the ionic nuclei.