Abstract
In this work, three different aqueous solutions containing imidazole-based ILs with different alkyl chain lengths ([Cnmim]Br, n = 2, 6, 12) were adopted as the medium for the synthesis of ionic liquid-polypyrrole (IL-PPy) composites. Herein, the ILs undertook the roles of the pyrrole solvent, the media for emulsion polymerization of PPy and PPy dopants, respectively. The electrochemical performances of the three IL-PPy composites on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) were investigated by electrochemical experiments, which indicated that [C12mim]Br-PPy (C12-PPy) composites displayed better electrochemical performance due to their larger surface area and firmer immobilization on the GCE. Further, C12-PPy/GCE were decorated with Au microparticles by electrodeposition that can not only increase the conductivity, but also immobilize sufficient biomolecules on the electrode. Then, the obtained C12-PPy-Au/GCE with outstanding electrochemical performance was employed as a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilization platform to fabricate a novel C12-PPy-Au-HRP/GCE biosensor for H2O2 detection. The results showed that the prepared C12-PPy-Au-HRP/GCE biosensor exhibited high sensitivity, fast response, and a wide detection range as well as low detection limit towards H2O2. This work not only provides an outstanding biomolecule immobilization matrix for the fabrication of highly sensitive biosensors, but also advances the understanding of the roles of ILs in improving the electrochemical performance of biosensors.
Highlights
Sensitive and selective detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is of significance in the food industry, clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and biological metabolism studies [1,2].Among the various H2 O2 detection techniques, electrochemical sensors have been proved to be a promising method due to their simplicity, efficiency and high sensitivity [3]
A novel H2 O2 biosensor was fabricated by immobilizing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on a ionic liquid-polypyrrole (IL-PPy)-Au
The imidazole-based ionic liquids (ILs) play important roles in improving the of the IL-PPy composites, which undertake the roles of pyrrole solvent, medium for the emulsion conductivity of the IL-PPy composites, which undertake the roles of pyrrole solvent, medium for the polymerization of PPy and PPy dopants, respectively
Summary
Sensitive and selective detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is of significance in the food industry, clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and biological metabolism studies [1,2]. Among the various H2 O2 detection techniques, electrochemical sensors have been proved to be a promising method due to their simplicity, efficiency and high sensitivity [3]. Enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors arouse considerable interest in the sensing area because of their high catalytic activity, specificity and biocompatibility [4]. Enzymatic immobilization on nanoparticles or nanomaterials is expected to solve these problems. The construction of immobilized enzyme layers that can Sensors 2019, 19, 640; doi:10.3390/s19030640 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors
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