Abstract
The dehydration of D-fructose has been studied with different kinds of pyridinium based dicationic ionic liquids as catalyst. The results showed that 1,1′-hexane-1,6-diylbis (3-methylpyridinium) tetrachloronickelate (II) [C6(Mpy)2][NiCl4]2− in DMSO and 1,1′-decane-1,10-diylbis (3-ethylpyridinium) dibromide [C10(Epy)2]2Br− without DMSO have high catalytic activity. Highly efficient and selective dehydration of D-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was achieved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) under mild conditions with a fructose conversion of 95.6% and 95.5% HMF yield was achieved in 60min reaction time at 110°C and 87.1% yield obtained from [C10(Epy)2]2Br− without DMSO at 100°C in 90min reaction time. The ionic liquids used in this study will benefit many biofuel-related applications.
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