Abstract
A new copper sensitive all solid-state ion-selective electrode was prepared using multiwalled carbon nanotubes-ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) nanocomposite as an additional membrane component. The effect of nanocomposite content in the membrane on the electrode parameters was investigated. The study compares, among others, detection limits, sensitivity, and the linearity ranges of calibration curves. Content 6 wt.% was considered optimal for obtaining an electrode with a Nernstian response of 29.8 mV/decade. An electrode with an optimal nanocomposite content in the membrane showed a lower limit of detection, a wider linear range and pH range, as well as better selectivity and potential stability compared to the unmodified electrode. It was successfully applied for copper determination in real water samples.
Highlights
Copper occurs naturally in metallic form, as well as in ores and minerals, and in the form of complexes and solid particles in various types of water: surface, drinking, ground and sea water [1,2]
As we have shown in our previous research on cadmium solid contact ISEs [30], IL and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) show synergistic properties, which means that an electrode with a membrane containing both of these components shows better performance compared to electrodes whose membranes were modified only with an ionic liquid or only with carbon nanotubes
MWCNTs are surrounded by an ionic liquid layer which provides both steric and electrostatic stabilization, and a homogenous composite material is formed
Summary
Copper occurs naturally in metallic form, as well as in ores and minerals, and in the form of complexes and solid particles in various types of water: surface, drinking, ground and sea water [1,2]. Inter alia, a component of metalloenzymes in which it acts as an electron donor or acceptor in important redox reactions, including collagen cross-linking, melamine production or mitochondrial respiration Its presence makes it possible to maintain homeostasis and the proper functioning of the body from the development and growth of the fetus. People who consciously or unknowingly ingest increased doses of copper develop a number of symptoms including dizziness and nausea, headache and abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting, irritation of the eyes, nose and mouth. In such a situation, liver and kidney failure and, in severe cases, even death can occur [1,5]
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