Abstract
Sol-gel syntheses involving either neutral water or formic acid as a reactant have been investigated (1) to determine the best conditions to confine a maximum of ionic liquid (IL) inside silica-based matrixes and (2) to reach the highest porosity after removing the IL from the ion gels (washed gels). Several sets of ionogels were prepared from various 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ILs and various silica or organosilica sources. The study evidenced a critical effect of the anion on the morphology (monolith, powder) and texture of the resulting washed gels. Particularly, tetrafluoroborate anion led to monolith ionogels by a simple hydrolytic method, affording highly condensed mesoporous silicas with some fluorinated surface sites. Such sites have never been reported before and were evidenced by 19F NMR. On the other hand, formic acid solvolysis turned out to be the only method to get non-exuding, crack-free, and transparent monoliths from ILs containing bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [NTf2] anion, with pro...
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