Ionic liquid and ethyl-based bifunctional ordered nanoporous organosilica supported palladium: An efficient catalyst for homo-coupling of phenylacetylenes

Abstract

A novel bifunctional ordered nanoporous organosilica with ethyl and ionic liquid framework supported palladium (Pd@ILEt-BNOS) is prepared, characterized and its catalytic performance in the homo-coupling of phenylacetylenes is developed. The Pd@ILEt-BNOS was prepared via simultaneous hydrolysis and condensation of bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane and alkyl-imidazolium ionic liquid in the presence of structure directing agent followed by treatment with palladium acetate. This nanostructure was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), low angle X-ray diffraction (LAXRD), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The Pd@ILEt-BNOS was successfully applied as efficient catalyst in the homo-coupling of phenylacetylenes and gave corresponding products in excellent yield. This was recovered and reapplied seven times without importance decrease in its efficiency. The life-time and stability of the catalyst were also investigated under applied conditions.