Abstract
Recent performance assessment calculations [1] of a disposal system at Hanford, Washington for low activity waste glass show that a Na ion-exchange reaction can effectively increase the radionuclide release rate by over a factor of 1000 and so is a major factor that currently limits waste loading. However, low temperature ion exchange has not been thought to be important in recent analyses of waste glass durability. The objective of this work is to develop an understanding of the processes and mechanisms controlling alkali ion exchange and to correlate the kinetics of the ion-exchange reaction with glass structural properties. The fundamental understanding of the ion exchange process developed under this study is targeted at developing lower ion-exchange rate glasses that would remain durable at higher alkali waste loading.
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