Ionanofluid flow through a triangular grooved microchannel heat sink: Thermal heightening

Abstract

With recent technological advances, thermal transport from different electronic and electrical devices is the most vital concern. The microchannel heat sink (MCHS) of liquid cooling is a useful device to remove over thermal load. Ionanofluid is a brand new and super potential cooling fluid for its ionic conductivity, non-flammability, negligible volatility, and high-level heat stability. In this research, the ionanofluid's velocity and thermal field characteristics through a triangular grooved MCHS are investigated using numerical tools. The combination of ionic liquid (IL) 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [C4mim]NTf2 and propylene glycol (PG) is used as base fluid whereas graphene (G) and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) are chosen as hybrid nanoparticles to make the working ionanofluid. The governing equations of nonlinear partial differential equations describing the physical phenomena along with proper border settings are resolved by applying the finite element method (FEM). Different ratios of hybrid nanoparticles (G: SWCNT) like (1: 0, 1/3: 2/3, 1/2: 1/2, 2/3: 1/3, 0: 1) are suspended in the base fluid mixture. In addition, the base fluid mixture is assumed in different combinations of (IL: PG) as (100: 0, 50: 50, 0: 100). The numerical results are displayed in the forms of streamlines, isothermal lines, and rate of thermal transfer for the pertinent parameters namely forced convection (Re = 100–900) and solid concentration (φ = 0.001–0.05). Also, pressure drop, field synergy number, relative fanning friction feature, relative Nusselt number, and temperature enhancement efficiency are calculated. The results indicate that a higher heat transport rate is found using the IL-based ionanofluid with the highest solid concentration. Moreover, the higher forced convection enhances the thermal efficiency of MCHS. Two linear regression equations along with very good correlation coefficients have been derived from the numerical results.