Ion-acoustic dressed solitons in electron–positron–ion plasmas

Abstract

Expanding the Sagdeev potential to include fourth-order nonlinearities of electric potential and integrating the resulting energy equation, an exact soliton solution is determined for ion-acoustic waves in an electron–positron–ion ( e – p – i ) plasma system. This exact solution reduces to the dressed soliton solution obtained for the system using renormalization procedure in the reductive perturbation method (RPM), when Mach number ( M) is expanded in terms of soliton velocity ( λ) and terms up to order of λ 2 are retained in the analysis. Variation of shape, velocity, width and product ( P) of amplitude ( A) and square of width ( W 2 ) for the KdV soliton, core structure, dressed soliton, and exact soliton are graphically represented for different values of fractional positron concentration ( p). It is found that for a given value of the fractional positron concentration ( p) and amplitude of soliton, the velocity of the dressed soliton is faster and width is narrower than the KdV or exact soliton, and agrees qualitatively with the experimental observations of Ikezi et al. for small amplitude solitons in the plasma free from positron component. Among all these structures, the product P ( A W 2 ) is found to be lowest for the dressed soliton and it decreases as Mach number of soliton or fractional positron concentration in the plasma increases.