Abstract
It was demonstrated that the principles of ion pairing could be used to predict the effect of a quaternary ammonium salt on the rate of electrodeposition of several metals. In agreement with prediction the cationic surfactant, in general, appreciably increased the limiting current, the current efficiency, and the percentage composition in alloys of metals deposited from negative ions in solution while decreasing slightly the same factors for metals deposited from positive ions in solution. It was also shown that there are predictable situations in which the ion paired acceleration would not be observed when expected. Those situations are: (1) processes not limited by the rate of adsorption; (2) processes in which the rate is limited by reaction with a species different from the predominant negatively charged species; and (3) processes in which a film is formed on the electrode.
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