Ion mobility-mass spectrometry applied to cyclic peptide analysis: conformational preferences of gramicidin S and linear analogs in the gas phase

Abstract

In this paper, we present an investigation of the gas-phase structural differences between cyclic and linear peptide ions by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Specifically, data is shown for gramicidin S (cyclo-VOLFPVOLFP where phenylalanines are D rather than L-type amino acids and the O designates the non-standard amino acid ornithine) and five linear gramicidin S analogues. Results are interpreted as evidence for a β-sheet (or β-hairpin) conformational preference in both linear-protonated and sodiated-cyclic gramicidin S gas-phase peptides, and a preference for the protonated-cyclic peptide to adopt a collapsed, random coil-type conformation. A comparison with solution-phase circular dicrhoism measurements is performed, and structures similar to those observed in the gas phase appear to be favored in low-dielectric solvents such as 2,2,2-triflouroethanol. The utility of ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) as a means of rapidly distinguishing between linear and cyclic peptide forms in also discussed.