Ion-beam/channeling characterization of LiNbO 3: interaction between impurity sites

Abstract

A short summary of the results of ion-beam/channeling techniques for the identification of impurity lattice sites in LiNbO 3 is presented. Moreover, new detailed data of these methods on the problem of the interaction between Mg and Hf sites are reported. They clearly show a gradual transfer of Hf ions from the Li to the Nb location on increasing the Mg concentration. The transfer process is complete for about 4.5% Mg concentration.